São Francisco Church Porto

São Francisco Church Porto

The São Francisco Church (Igreja de São Francisco) is a Gothic church located in the Ribeira district of Porto, Portugal. It is one of the most iconic landmarks in the city and is known for its stunning interior, which is covered in intricate azulejo tilework. The São Francisco Church in Porto, Portugal, boasts a rich and fascinating history that intertwines with the city's development. We hope that this São Francisco Church Porto post inspires you.

São Francisco Church Porto

The church was founded in the 13th century by the Franciscan Order and was originally built in a Gothic style. However, it was extensively remodeled in the 17th and 18th centuries in the Baroque style. The most striking feature of the church is its interior, which is covered in intricate azulejo tilework. The tiles depict scenes from the Bible, the lives of the saints, and other religious motifs.

Early Beginnings

• 1223: Franciscan friars arrive in Porto and establish a small church and convent.
• 1244: Construction begins on a larger church dedicated to Saint Francis of Assisi on the same site.
• 1383: Under King Ferdinand I's patronage, a more spacious church is constructed, showcasing a relatively plain Gothic design typical of mendicant orders.

Gothic Flourish

• 1410-1425: Construction of the new church is completed, featuring three naves, a prominent transept, and a tripartite top section.
• 15th-16th centuries: The church becomes a popular burial place for prominent Porto families, leading to the addition of several side chapels, including the stunning João de Castilho-designed Chapel of St. John the Baptist in the Manueline style.
• 15th-18th centuries: The church's façade transforms, with the original Gothic rose window remaining the sole survivor, while a Baroque portal with a statue of Saint Francis is added later.

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Baroque Opulence

• 18th century: Extensive renovations commence, transforming the church's interior into a dazzling display of Baroque splendor.
• Gilt overload: Over 300 kilograms of gold leaf are reportedly used to adorn the interior, including the magnificent altarpieces, particularly the Tree of Jessé depicting the family line of Jesus.
• Controversial beauty: The extravagant ornamentation sparks debate, even leading to a temporary closure of the church due to its perceived opulence amidst surrounding poverty.

Modern-Day Repercussions

• 1832: A fire destroys the adjoining Franciscan convent, leading to its demolition and the construction of the Stock Exchange (Palácio da Bolsa) in its place.
• 20th-21st century: The church undergoes restoration and preservation efforts, regaining its status as a treasured landmark and popular tourist destination.

A Timeless Legacy

Today, the São Francisco Church stands as a testament to Porto's architectural heritage and artistic evolution. Its captivating blend of Gothic and Baroque styles, along with its turbulent history, makes it a must-visit for anyone exploring the city. The church houses several artworks, including a 17th-century organ, an 18th-century marble altarpiece, and a collection of religious paintings. The church also has other notable features, including a Baroque altarpiece, a Gothic cloister, and a catacomb. The catacombs are underground burial chambers that contain the remains of thousands of people, including monks, soldiers, and wealthy merchants.

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Facts

• The church is nicknamed “the gilded church” due to its extensive use of gold leaf.
• It is considered one of the finest examples of Gothic architecture in Portugal.
• The Tree of Jessé altarpiece is a masterpiece of Baroque wood carving.
• The church is a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of the Historic Centre of Porto.